Case-based studies of infertility in bulls

Abstract

The primary purpose of analysis of the spermiogram is to form an opinion on a bull's potential fertility. When spermiograms are abnormal, often a prognosis for recovery to normal sperm production is also a consideration. Semen quality can change quite rapidly for the better or worse depending on whether a bull is suffering from, or just recovering from, a process detrimental to spermatogenesis. Therefore, the spermiogram must be interpreted in light of the bull's history, the results of the physical examination, and in some cases the semen traits of volume and concentration. Some sperm defects appear to have a genetic basis and knowledge of recessive conditions, or genetic predispositions, will also help to decide on a course of action when abnormal spermiograms are encountered. Cases highlighted in this presentation demonstrate some examples of interpretation of abnormal spermiograms.