Cytology in Ruminant and Camelid Practice

Abstract

Cytology is often an overlooked diagnostic modality in food animal medicine. The reasons for this are varied but often revolve around unfamiliarity with the indications, procedures, methods of evaluation, or criteria for interpretation. Diseased tissues tend to respond with specific changes in cell type and architecture. Evaluation of these changes can aid in refining a diagnosis, establishing a prognosis and recommending specific treatment. Collection of cytological samples from both solid tissues and body fluids is a simple, efficient and economical procedure. The methods for collection and preparation of these samples including abdominocentesis, thoracocentesis, pericardiocentesis, tracheal wash aspirates and cerebral spinal fluid are described. Interpretation of cytological and fluid analysis is also discussed.